In the CNC cutting process, there are many reasons for processing errors. The error caused by the radial runout of the tool is one of the important factors, which directly affects the minimum shape error and machined surface that the machine tool can achieve under ideal processing conditions. Geometric accuracy. In actual cutting, the radial runout of the tool affects the machining accuracy, surface roughness, uneven tool wear and the cutting process characteristics of multi-tooth tools. The greater the radial runout of the tool, the more unstable the tool's processing state will be, and the more it will affect the processing effect.
Causes of radial runout
Manufacturing errors and clamping errors of the tool and spindle components, resulting in drift and eccentricity between the tool axis and the spindle's ideal rotation axis, as well as specific processing techniques and tooling, may cause radial runout of CNC milling machine tools. During processing.
1. The influence of radial runout of the spindle itself
The main causes of the spindle radial runout error include the coaxiality error of each spindle journal, various errors of the bearing itself, the coaxiality error between the bearings, the deflection of the spindle, etc., and their impact on the radial rotation accuracy of the spindle. Varies with different processing methods. These factors are formed during the machine tool manufacturing and assembly process, and it is difficult for machine tool operators to avoid their influence.
2. The impact of the inconsistency between the tool center and the spindle rotation center
When the tool is installed on the spindle, if the tool center is inconsistent with the spindle rotation center, the tool will inevitably produce radial runout. Specific influencing factors include: the cooperation between the tool and the chuck, whether the method of installing the tool is correct, the quality of the tool itself, etc.
3. Influence of specific processing technology
The radial runout of the tool during machining is mainly due to the radial cutting force intensifying the radial runout. The radial cutting force is the radial component of the total cutting force. It will cause bending deformation and vibration of the workpiece during the processing process, which is the main component affecting the quality of the workpiece. It is mainly affected by factors such as cutting volume, tool and workpiece materials, tool geometry angle, lubrication method and processing method.
